In Ghana, the practice is particularly common among young adults and the elderly, who often cite convenience and mistrust of healthcare systems as key reasons. Experts also point to the influence of social media, where unqualified individuals promote unverified treatments, further fueling the trend.
Recent statistics show that approximately 53.7% of Ghanaians engage in self-medication. Health professionals warn that this behavior can lead to serious complications, including adverse drug reactions, overdose, and even death.
A cross-section of Ghanaians shared their experiences:
“Normally, I go to a pharmacy and ask for headache medicine or paracetamol, and I feel okay. If your head aches, you look for ‘para.’ Going to the hospital is too expensive, so we choose the pharmacy,” one respondent said.
Another added, “If I take paracetamol and the pain becomes unbearable, then I know there’s more to it.”
“Paracetamol is not an innocent drug. If symptoms persist after one dose, you must see a doctor for proper diagnosis. Taking paracetamol for a week only lowers your temperature, it doesn’t treat the underlying cause,” she explained.
Dr. Mohammed also recommended that households keep basic first aid kits, including pain relievers, but emphasized that first aid is not a substitute for professional care.
“You need a first aid kit at home, a dressing set, spirit, but even after that, seek medical attention. A clean cut can still lead to tetanus or other infections. First aid is good, but it’s not the final solution.”
While self-medication may offer temporary relief, experts stress that the risks far outweigh the benefits. They urge the public to take responsibility for their health by consulting qualified medical professionals, still the most effective way to manage illness and prevent complications.